The Rise of the Manilena Entrepreneur: The Manilena in Periodicals from 1898 to 1938

Document Type

Article

Publication Date

2019

Abstract

The separate spheres ideology implicitly denied the economic value of many female activities and therefore attributing the economic world to male-centered activities. Utilizing the power of the periodical as a source to uncover the story and images of women; this article describes the Manile__a entrepreneur as she competed in the world of business from 1898 to 1938. As compared to representations of businessmen; which were ubiquitous; this study also shows that there was not one specific iconographic image or idea of a woman entrepreneur. What was available were new and varied images due to the diverse backgrounds and enterprises that they were involved in. The Manile__a owned and operated enterprises in multi-industries showing that even though their numbers were small; women were active participants in the growing urban marketplace.

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