Raising the Floor While Lowering the Ceiling: Reduced Inequities in Education Returns in the Philippines
Document Type
Article
Publication Date
9-1-2023
Abstract
This article examines trends in private returns to education in the Philippines among salaried graduates in 2005 and 2019 – a period during which education participation improved markedly in the country. I find returns to differing levels of attainment converging, with those for higher education falling substantially by 36 % points, relative to those with no grade completed. I further find that among college graduates, the decline was most pronounced for low-wage workers whose returns fell by 69 % points, while those for high-wage ones remained stable. This is an important update to literature which found higher education to provide disproportionate returns to low-wage college graduates a decade prior.
Recommended Citation
Yee, K.M.R. (2023). Raising the floor while lowering the ceiling: Reduced inequities in education returns in the Philippines. International Journal of Educational Development, 101, 102815. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijedudev.2023.102815
